MN553 Unit 4 Practice Quiz Latest 2017

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Question 1:
When starting albuterol, digoxin levels need to be monitored closely.

Introduction: Digoxin is a medication used to treat heart failure and certain arrhythmias. Albuterol is a bronchodilator used to treat asthma and other respiratory conditions. When albuterol is started, it can increase the risk of digoxin toxicity, so digoxin levels should be monitored closely to ensure safe use of both medications.

Question 2:
When educating patients who are starting on inhaled corticosteroids, the provider should tell them that they should rinse their mouths out after using the medication to prevent thrush.

Introduction: Inhaled corticosteroids are a common medication used to treat asthma and other respiratory conditions. However, they can increase the risk of developing thrush, a fungal infection in the mouth. To reduce this risk, patients should rinse their mouths out after using the medication.

Question 3:
Second-generation antihistamines such as loratadine (Claritin) are prescribed for seasonal allergies because they are less sedating than the first-generation antihistamines.

Introduction: Antihistamines are a common medication used to treat allergic conditions, such as seasonal allergies. Second-generation antihistamines, such as loratadine (Claritin), are preferred over first-generation antihistamines because they are less likely to cause sedation and other side effects.

Question 4:
Of the following, low-dose colchicine would be the best treatment for a patient with significantly swollen, painful great toe and gout.

Introduction: Gout is a type of arthritis caused by the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints. Colchicine is a medication used to treat acute gout attacks. Low-dose colchicine is the preferred treatment because it is effective and has fewer side effects than high-dose colchicine or aspirin with codeine.

Question 5:
Patients whose total dose of prednisone will exceed 1 gram will most likely need a second prescription for omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, to prevent peptic ulcer disease.

Introduction: Prednisone is a steroid medication used to treat a variety of conditions, including autoimmune disorders, respiratory conditions, and skin conditions. However, long-term use of prednisone can increase the risk of developing peptic ulcers. Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, is often prescribed along with prednisone to reduce this risk.

Question 6:
Patients prescribed aspirin therapy require education regarding the signs of aspirin toxicity. An early sign of aspirin toxicity is tinnitus.

Introduction: Aspirin is a commonly used medication for pain relief and inflammation. However, high doses of aspirin can be toxic and can cause a variety of symptoms, including tinnitus, nausea, vomiting, and confusion. Patients taking aspirin on a regular basis should be educated on the signs and symptoms of aspirin toxicity.

Question 7:
Prior to developing a plan for the treatment of asthma, the patient’s asthma should be classified according to the NHLBI Expert Panel 3 guidelines. In adults, mild-persistent asthma is classified as asthma symptoms that occur less than twice a week.

Introduction: Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways. The severity of asthma can be classified according to the NHLBI Expert Panel 3 guidelines, which take into account the frequency and severity of symptoms. Mild-persistent asthma is classified as symptoms that occur less than twice a week.

Question 8:
Patients with a COPD exacerbation may require systemic corticosteroid burst.

Introduction: COPD is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by airflow limitation and difficulty breathing. Exacerbations, or worsening of symptoms, can occur and often require treatment with systemic corticosteroids, such as prednisone.

Question 9:
Asthma exacerbations at home are managed by the patient by increasing frequency of beta-2-agonists and contacting their provider.

Introduction: Asthma exacerbations can occur even with proper management, and patients should be educated on how to manage them at home. In most cases, patients can increase the frequency of their beta-2-agonist inhaler and contact their healthcare provider for further guidance.

Question 10:
The most common bacterial pathogen in community-acquired pneumonia is Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Introduction: Community-acquired pneumonia is a common respiratory infection caused by various bacterial and viral pathogens. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common bacterial cause of community-acquired pneumonia.

Question 11:
The first-line antibiotic choice for a patient with comorbidities or who is immunosuppressed who has pneumonia and can be treated as an outpatient would be levofloxacin.

Introduction: Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that can be caused by various bacterial and viral pathogens. Treatment of pneumonia often involves antibiotic therapy. For patients with comorbidities or who are immunosuppressed, levofloxacin is often recommended as a first-line antibiotic choice.

Question 12:
Wing-Sing is a 4-year-old patient who has suspected bacterial pneumonia. He has a temperature of 102°F, oxygen saturation level of 95%, and is taking fluids adequately. Azithromycin would be appropriate initial treatment for his pneumonia.

Introduction: Bacterial pneumonia is a serious respiratory infection that can be life-threatening in young children. Azithromycin is a commonly used antibiotic for pediatric pneumonia and is often given as initial treatment.

Question 13:
Instructions for a patient who is starting nicotine replacement therapy include that nicotine replacement will help with the withdrawal cravings associated with quitting tobacco.

Introduction: Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is a common treatment for tobacco addiction. It can be used in various forms, including nicotine patches, gum, lozenges, and inhalers. NRT helps to reduce withdrawal symptoms and cravings associated with quitting tobacco.

Question 14:
If prescribing bupropion (Zyban) for tobacco cessation, the instructions to the patient include that nicotine replacement products should not be used with bupropion.

Introduction: Bupropion (Zyban) is an antidepressant medication that is also used for smoking cessation. It works by reducing cravings and withdrawal symptoms associated with quitting smoking. However, it should not be used in combination with nicotine replacement therapy.

Question 15:
The most appropriate smoking cessation prescription for pregnant women is nonpharmacologic measures.

Introduction: Smoking cessation is important for all individuals, but especially for pregnant women, as smoking during pregnancy can cause harm to the developing fetus. However, many pharmacologic treatments for smoking cessation are not recommended during pregnancy, so nonpharmacologic measures, such as counseling and support, are often the most appropriate option for pregnant women.

Question 16:
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is defined as TB that is resistant to rifampin and isoniazid.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that primarily affects the lungs. Drug-resistant TB is a serious public health concern, and it is defined as TB that is resistant to one or more first-line drugs, including rifampin and isoniazid.

Question 17:
Kaleb has extensively resistant tuberculosis (TB). Treatment for extensively resistant TB would include treatment with at least two drugs to which the TB is susceptible.

Introduction: Extensively resistant tuberculosis (TB) is a rare and serious form of drug-resistant TB that is resistant to most first- and second-line drugs. Treatment for extensively resistant TB often involves using multiple drugs to which the TB is susceptible, although treatment options are limited.

Question 18:
Ezekiel is a 9-year-old patient who lives in a household with a family member newly diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB). To prevent Ezekiel from developing TB, he should be treated with 6 months of Isoniazid (INH) and rifampin.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly contagious disease that can be spread through the air. When a household member is diagnosed with TB, other household members may be at risk of developing the disease. Treatment for people who have been exposed to TB includes a combination of medications, such as Isoniazid (INH) and rifampin, to reduce the risk of developing TB.

Question 19:
Myles is a 2-year-old patient who has been diagnosed with acute otitis media. He is afebrile and has not been treated with antibiotics recently. First-line treatment for his otitis media would include amoxicillin.

Introduction: Acute otitis media is a common ear infection that can occur in children of all ages. The first-line treatment for most cases of acute otitis media is antibiotics, such as amoxicillin.

Question 20:
Jacob has been diagnosed with sinusitis. He is the parent of a child in daycare. Treatment for sinusitis in an adult who has a child in daycare is amoxicillin-clavulanate.

Introduction: Sinusitis is a common respiratory infection that can cause a variety of symptoms, including nasal congestion, headache, and facial pain. For adults who have a child in daycare or other high-risk settings, amoxicillin-clavulanate is often recommended as the first-line treatment.

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