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Section A Input Data

May 7, 2024

Section A

Input Data
				EduCredit is the education loan division of a bank. It is considering a batch of applications for student loans repayable in one year. EduCredit charges each loan applicants an annual interest rate that depends on the band of their credit scores (A is the highest)
Loan Applicant	Maximum Loan requested	Credit Band	Predicted Default Probability
Applicant 1	$10,000	A	1.0%
Applicant 2	$15,000	C	5.8%
Applicant 3	$20,000	B	2.0%
Applicant 4	$8,000	A	1.5%
Applicant 5	$13,000	C	11.0%
Credit Band	Interest Rates			The current batch of applications come from five applicants, each of whom has requested a different loan amount. EduCredit can choose to offer any loan amount up to the maximum amount requested (including zero). Besides the credit scores, EduCredit uses a proprietary predictive analytics model to predict the default probability for each loan applicant based on their previous business history with the bank. All of the above information for the five applicants are listed
A	3.0%
B	4.5%
C	7.0%
D	10.0%
Total Budget	$35,000	Q3-15
	$60,000	Q2
Q1	If EduCredit wants to decide optimally the best amount of loans to offer to each applicant, what should be a reasonable objective to consider?
	To maximize interest revenue minus expected defaulted loan amounts
	To minimize expected defaulted loan amounts
	To maximize interest revenue
	To maximize total dollar amount of loans approved
Q2	If EduCredit has a total budget of $60,000 that it could offer to this batch of applicants, what is optimal decision in terms of the loan amounts to approve for each applicant? Explain briefly [in 30 words or so] how you can find this optimal solution even without using Solver.
Q3	Suppose EduCredit only has a budget of $35,000 for this batch of applications. Formulate the optimization problem on a spreadsheet and solve for the optimal decisions using Solver. Solve for the optimal solution and generate the sensitivity report (for later questions). In Questions 3-7, you will input the optimal loan amounts for each applicant. What is the optimal loan amount to approve for Applicant 1? Enter only the numerical value without dollar sign.
Q4	What is the optimal loan amount to approve for Applicant 2? Enter only the numerical value without dollar sign.
Q5	What is the optimal loan amount to approve for Applicant 3? Enter only the numerical value without dollar sign.
Q6	What is the optimal loan amount to approve for Applicant 4? Enter only the numerical value without dollar sign.
Q7	What is the optimal loan amount to approve for Applicant 5? Enter only the numerical value without dollar sign.
Q8	From the sensitivity report generated from Question 3, how much do we predict the optimal objective value to change if Applicant 4’s requested loan amount is decreased from currently $8000 to $4000. Enter the net change (i.e., include the negative sign if the objective value decreases) without the dollar sign. If we cannot predict based on the sensitivity report, enter -99999.
Q9	From the sensitivity report generated from Question 3, find the shadow price for the budget constraint. Explain [in about 20-30 words] why the shadow price is equal to this value and give an interpretation based on the values of the input data.
EduCredit would like to add the following requirement on the approval decisions: the fraction of loans provided to applicants with credit bands B or below cannot be more than 20% of all loans approved (e.g., if $10000, $4000, $5000 and $6000 are loaned to applicants of bands A, B, C and D, respectively, then the fraction loaned to bands B or below would be (4000+5000+6000)/(10000+4000+5000+6000) = 60%, which violates the requirement). Implement this constraint in your Excel model and re-run Solver.
Q10	What is the optimal loan amount to approve for Applicant 1 after the new constraint? Enter only the numerical value without dollar sign.
Q11	What is the optimal loan amount to approve for Applicant 2 after the new constraint? Enter only the numerical value without dollar sign.
Q12	What is the optimal loan amount to approve for Applicant 3 after the new constraint? Enter only the numerical value without dollar sign.
Q13	What is the optimal loan amount to approve for Applicant 4 after the new constraint? Enter only the numerical value without dollar sign.
Q14	What is the optimal loan amount to approve for Applicant 5 after the new constraint? Enter only the numerical value without dollar sign.
Q15	We have so far assumed that EduCredit can approve any dollar amount up to the maximum amount requested. For example, we can offer Applicant 1 (who applied for $10,000) any amount from $0 to $10,000. For the last question for Section A, suppose EduCredit can only make approve/reject decisions, i.e., if an application is approved, it must be approved in full. For example, Applicant 1 can only be offered $0 or $10,000, but not (say) $5,000. What would happen as we formulate this as an optimization problem and solve it with Solver? Answer without implementing the model. [Select all that apply.]
	We should add integer constraints.
	We should define decision variables that only take values of one or zero
	We should use roundup functions in our decision cells to ensure that, if we approve part of a loan, the full amount must be approved
	We should use the nonlinear solving method
	After Solver solves the problem, it will not generate a sensitivity report

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