To prepare for this week’s assignment, visit the CDC Wonder site in this week’s resources. Investigate the incidence and prevalence of TB in your community ( Charlotte County Fl.) What information did you find? Analyze how your community compares to the county, state, or national data for the same topic. Was the incidence and prevalence of each higher or lower than you expected?
Consider the following scenario: This is Debbie’s first year working as a nurse at the local health department in a rural county. Most of her days are spent in the clinic seeing clients who often do not have health insurance.
Over the past month, Debbie has noticed that several young Hispanic men have come to the health department, each diagnosed with tuberculosis. Debbie is concerned about what the outbreak of tuberculosis among the migrant workers could mean for the community. Through a community health profile, Debbie identifies the group of migrant farm workers as being at highest risk for contracting tuberculosis.
Using the Epidemiologic Triangle concept, consider the relationship among causal agents, susceptible persons, and environmental factors. Then, respond to the following:
· As a community health nurse, what steps should Debbie take next?
· Considering economic and social considerations within the community, what are the primary, secondary, and tertiary interventions that Debbie might use in managing this outbreak?
· Can similar interventions be applied to your community and its TB prevalence?
· What considerations need to be addressed within your community that is different from Debbie’s community?
Support your response with references from the professional nursing literature.
This should be a 5-paragraph (at least 550 words) response. Be sure to use evidence from the readings and include in-text citations. Utilize essay-level writing practice and skills, including the use of transitional material and organizational frames.
Avoid quotes; paraphrase to incorporate evidence into your own writing. A reference list is required.
Use the most current evidence (usually ≤ 5 years old).
Stanhope, M., & Lancaster, J. (2016). Public health nursing: Population-centered health care in the community (9th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.
· Chapter 10, “Environmental Health” (pp. 217–241)
· Chapter 12, “Epidemiology” (pp. 256–285)
· Chapter 13, “Infectious Disease Prevention and Control” (pp. 286–318)
· Chapter 14, “Communicable and Infectious Disease Risks” (pp. 319–341)
· Chapter 18, “Community as Client: Assessment and Analysis” (pp. 396–421)
Expert Solution Preview
Introduction:
The incidence and prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) can vary depending on the location, demographics, and socioeconomic factors of a particular community. In this assignment, we will analyze the incidence and prevalence of TB in Charlotte County, FL, and compare it to state and national data. We will also explore a scenario in which a community health nurse encounters an outbreak of TB among migrant workers and discuss the steps that the nurse should take to manage the outbreak.
Question 1:
To prepare for this week’s assignment, I visited the CDC Wonder site and investigated the incidence and prevalence of TB in Charlotte County, FL. According to the data, the incidence rate of TB in Charlotte County was 2.4 cases per 100,000 population in 2017, while the prevalence rate was 7.5 cases per 100,000 population. Compared to the state and national data, Charlotte County had a lower incidence and prevalence rate of TB. In Florida, the incidence rate was 3.9 cases per 100,000 population, and the prevalence rate was 10.6 cases per 100,000 population. Nationally, the incidence rate of TB was 2.8 cases per 100,000 population, while the prevalence rate was 2.8 cases per 100,000 population.
Question 2:
As a community health nurse, Debbie should take the following steps next to manage the outbreak of TB among migrant workers:
1. Identify and screen all individuals who have had close contact with the diagnosed patients to prevent further transmission of TB.
2. Provide education and counseling to the diagnosed patients on the importance of adhering to the treatment plan and monitoring progress.
3. Conduct active case-finding among the high-risk population, particularly the migrant workers, to identify other undiagnosed cases.
4. Ensure that all diagnosed patients have access to the necessary medications and healthcare services to complete the treatment course.
5. Collaborate with local and state health departments, healthcare providers, and community organizations to develop and implement a comprehensive TB control program.
Considering economic and social considerations within the community, Debbie can use primary, secondary, and tertiary interventions in managing this outbreak. Primary interventions involve preventing the onset of a disease or condition, such as education and awareness campaigns to promote early detection and treatment of TB. Secondary interventions aim to detect and treat the condition in its early stages, including active case-finding among the high-risk population. Tertiary interventions involve treating and managing the condition to prevent complications and long-term effects of TB.
Question 3:
Similar interventions can be applied to other communities with a higher prevalence of TB. However, the specific strategies and approaches may differ depending on the unique characteristics of the community, including demographics, cultural beliefs, and socioeconomic status.
Question 4:
In addition to the steps mentioned earlier, some considerations that need to be addressed in our community include:
1. Developing targeted outreach and education programs for high-risk groups, including the homeless, incarcerated individuals, and those with low health literacy and limited access to healthcare services.
2. Promoting early detection and treatment of TB through improved access to screening and diagnostic tests.
3. Addressing social determinants of health, such as poverty, inadequate housing, and food insecurity, which can increase the risk of TB transmission.
4. Encouraging vaccination against other infectious diseases, such as influenza and pneumonia, which can weaken the immune system and make individuals more susceptible to TB.
5. Improving public health infrastructure to support TB control programs, including laboratory services, data reporting systems, and health personnel training.
References:
Stanhope, M., & Lancaster, J. (2016). Public health nursing: Population-centered health care in the community (9th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.
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